Which form of air traffic control has radar and radio contact with the aircraft being controlled and published procedures are complied with, or where heading and altitude, lateral and time separation are the responsibility of the air traffic controller?

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In positive control, the controller actively manages aircraft separation using radar and two-way radio contact. The controller issues clearances and instructions, and pilots are expected to follow published procedures for routes, altitudes, speeds, and headings. The responsibility for maintaining lateral and vertical separation, as well as any required time separation, rests with ATC, who ensures safe spacing between aircraft.

This differs from advisory control, where controllers mainly offer information and advisories but the pilot retains responsibility for separation. Monitor control involves watching traffic and providing limited guidance without enforcing separation, and nonradar control relies on procedural methods in areas without radar. The key here is the combination of radar/contact and ATC-held responsibility for separation, which defines positive control.